The Hidden Curriculum of International Schools: Understanding the student experience & role of educators

This is the handout for the webinar presentation for the Teacher Session at KIS. It includes a list of resources mentioned in the presentation, the slide deck and additional resources.

Photo of a two way street with arrows pointing in each direction.
Photo by Marissa&Eric on Unsplash.

Core topics

  • Hidden curriculum
    What is the hidden curriculum? How does it show up in international schools?
  • Internalized racism
    How does the hidden curriculum impact students’ sense of self? What is internalized racism? In what way does it affect their relationship with their parent(s)’ language and culture?
  • Invisible diversity
    How does the hidden curriculum affect the way student diversity is perceived?
  • Role of educators
    How do educators contribute to the hidden curriculum? What can educators do to change the hidden curriculum?

Slide deck

The slide deck from the workshop is available in PDF format.

Main text

Growing Up in Transit: The Politics of Belonging at an International SchoolDanau Tanu, 2018. 

Resources in order of appearance

‘Third Culture Kids: The Return Home’.Tim Brantingham in Sandwich Parenting.

Misunderstood: The Impact of Growing Up Overseas in the 21st Century. Tanya Crossman, 2016. (See also www.tanyacrossman.com)

Third Culture Kids: Growing Up Among Worlds, 3rd Edition. David Pollock, Ruth E. Van Reken and Michael Pollock, 2017.

Safe Passage: How mobility affects people & what international schools should do about it. Doug Ota, 2014.

Children At Promise: 9 principles to help kids thrive in an at risk world. Tim Stuart, 2003.

Isabelle MinTransition Catalyst Korea (TCK) Institute

Jessica Wei Huang – www.jessicaweihuang.com


The Strength of Weak Ties

Original study: The concept of weak ties was originally developed to study what type of networking is useful for job search

For well being: Investing a little time to develop weak ties with students may help them feel more ‘seen’ and help the campus feel more inclusive

For recruitment: The concept of weak ties has been widely applied to diversifying job recruitment pools


Organisation to Decolonise International Schools

ISC Research: The international school student profile – The 2021 Report

TCKs of Asia (Third Culture Stories podcast)

Association of International Educators & Leaders of Color (AIELOC)

ODIS logo
Organisation to Decolonise International Schools (ODIS)
anti-racism in international education - AIELOC Community Visioning
AIELOC Monthly Community Visioning

See a list of other relevant resources here.

Self-reflection: Being ‘seen’ (Breakout Activity)

Illustration copyright: www.irasutoya.com
  • Q1. Describe a time when you felt seen by a teacher (or any adult). Why did you feel seen?
  • Q2. Describe a time when you did not feel seen by a teacher (or any adult). Why did you not feel seen?

Instruction

Work in pairs. 10 minutes total.

  • Step 1: Speaker shares story (4 min)
  • Step 2: The Listener retell the Speaker’s story using ‘Active Listening’ skills (1 min)
  • Step 3: Swap roles. Repeat steps 1 & 2

Active Listening

Be neutral. Do not judge.
Be attentive (nod, etc), patient and don’t fill the silences.

Reflect back to the speaker what they said. Use their words as much as possible. Do not interpret. Do not add your opinion. 

The Hidden Curriculum of International Schools – 21CLHK Online (Keynote)

This is the handout for the keynote presentation hosted by 21CLHK Online for the Reimagining Learning conference in 2021. It includes a list of resources mentioned in the presentation, the slide deck and additional resources.

Poster: Presentation. The Hidden Curriculum of International Schools. Dr. Danau Tanu. Anthropologist. 21CLHK Online. Reimagining learning. 22 November - 4 December 2021. Profile photo.

Main topics

  • Systemic racism
    How does systemic racism work in international schools?
  • Hidden curriculum
    What is the hidden curriculum? How does it show up in international schools?
  • Internalized racism
    How does the hidden curriculum impact students’ sense of self? What is internalized racism?
  • Campus social dynamics
    How does the hidden curriculum impact group dynamics among students? Among staff?

Slide deck

The slide deck from the keynote talk is available in PDF format.

(For those who have attended my other webinars, this presentation will be similar but not identical. I include more material but they are not all shown in the slides.)

Resources

50% off paperbacks until December  1st to 7th & 35% off all books until December 31st .
Get promo code

See a list of other relevant resources here.

TCKS OF ASIA

A community group that hosts live open forums and a podcast that deep dives into the additional layers of Third Culture Kids that have never been explored before.

Learn more about past forums or listen to the podcast on Spotify or Anchor

AIELOC MONTHLY COMMUNITY VISIONING

A monthly community session dedicated to explore ways to end discrimination in the international school ecosystem. All are welcome. See event description or visit AIELOC’s events page.

anti-racism in international education - AIELOC Community Visioning

Optional readings

These three short, easy-to-read articles offer a brief introduction to the core topics listed above. These articles include extracts from Growing Up in Transit: The Politics of Belonging at an International School.

You can also download the free introduction to Growing Up in Transit.

Creating an Inclusive International Curriculum

25 November 2021 – This is an online handout for Training 2 for the International School of Geneva.

  • What does creating a truly inclusive international curriculum look like?
  • How can we ensure the curriculum helps students feel ‘seen’?
  • How do we decolonise the curriculum?

Slides

The slide deck from ‘Training 2: Creating an Inclusive International Curriculum’ is available in PDF format.

Past session – Training 1: TCKs & Diversity

If you missed it, see the online handout (August 2021)

Optional readings

These three short, easy-to-read articles offer a brief introduction to the core topics.

These articles include extracts from Growing Up in Transit: The Politics of Belonging at an International School. You can also download the free introduction.

Self-reflexivity. Photo of a person in a forest holding a mirror – from Unsplash

Resources from the session

I mentioned other resources during the presentation but I’ve only included those that are most relevant for international educators or are easy to read/watch. The more subject specific resources can be found on the slides for those interested.

Third Culture Kids: Growing Up Among Worlds, 3rd Edition – Pollock, Van Reken & Pollock (2017)

Growing Up in Transit: The Politics of Belonging – Danau Tanu (2018, 2020)

Decolonising Education: From Theory to Practice – A free and easy-to-do online course offered by the University of Bristol. It includes subject specific discussions. (RECOMMENDED)

Reflexivity in Anthropology – a summary

Edward Said on Orientalism (video)

Review of Nurturing Indonesia: Medicine and Decolonisation in the Dutch East Indies (2018) in New Mandala.

Learning to Labour: How working class kids get working class jobs – Paul Willis (1977)

The Global Imaginary of International School Communities – Heather A. Meyer (2021)

Representation Matters: Why Students Need to See Themselves in Your Classroom – in ReadTheory

Why Representation in Classroom Books is Important: Culturally Inclusive Books – Valentina Gonzalez (2019)

Tanya Crossman is author of Misunderstood: The Impact of Growing Up Overseas in the 21st Century and expert on TCKs who shared the story about the Polish student with me. See her website and list of recommended resources.

Concepts

Self-reflexivity
  • Context
  • Positionality
  • Objectivity
Essentialism
  • Am I prescribing immutable descriptions to people groups?
Dichotomous analyses
  • Am I prescribing immutable differences between people groups?
Interconnectivity – of events happening at the same time
  • How are events that occur in different parts of the globe interlinked?
  • What does the same event look like from a different perspective?
Continuity
  • How are the past & present interlinked?
  • What are the cultural legacies of colonialism?
  • How do they appear today?
Power relations
  • Whose perspective does it represent?
  • What is their relation to the historical, social and cultural context?
  • Do they benefit from it?
  • Whose perspective is missing in relation to power?
Mirror
  • (See this article)
  • Who is missing?
  • Can students see themselves in the curriculum?
  • Can they relate to the reflection that they see?
  • Does the reflection they see build and empower them?

Summary questions

  • What is the historical, social and cultural context of the material? How does that influence the way we present the material?
  • Whose perspective is being represented?
  • Will students feel ‘seen’? Will they feel empowered?
  • Who is missing? Why?

Additional resources

It’s a Two-Way Street – Keynote


Photo by Marissa&Eric on Unsplash
Main themes
  • Two-way street
  • Being ‘seen’
CORE TOPICS
  • the hidden curriculum (and hidden narratives)
  • being ‘international’ and invisible diversity
  • teachers as gatekeepers / not role modelling
  • internalised racism
SLIDe deck

The slide deck from the keynote talk are available in PDF format.

Resources mentioned in the keynote

See a list of other relevant resources here.

TCKs of Asia

A community group that hosts live open forums and a podcast that deep dives into the additional layers of Third Culture Kids that have never been explored before.

Learn more about past forums or listen to the podcast on Spotify or Anchor

AIELOC monthly Community Visioning

A monthly community session dedicated to explore ways to end discrimination in the international school ecosystem. All are welcome. See event description or visit AIELOC’s events page.

Organisation to Decolonise International Schools

Alumni and student-led organisation ‘to create a movement within all international schools (not just IB) and the expat community at large to expand the scope of international education beyond current Western values, to be intersectional and inclusive of all marginalised groups’.

anti-racism in international education - AIELOC Community Visioning
AIELOC Community Visioning
ODIS logo
Organisation to Decolonise International Schools (ODIS)

Optional readings

These three short, easy-to-read articles offer a brief introduction to the core topics listed above. These articles include extracts from Growing Up in Transit: The Politics of Belonging at an International School.

You can also download the free introduction to Growing Up in Transit.

Exercise questions

Please feel free to reflect on these questions to continue thinking about the themes from the keynote talk.

Q1. Describe a time when you felt seen by a teacher (or any adult). Why did you feel seen? Describe a time when you did not feel seen by a teacher (or any adult). Why did you not feel seen? 

Q2. A) Describe one or two areas where you lack privilege. How has this affected you and how others interact with you? How does it affect the way you teach and/or interact with students? B) Describe one or two areas where you have privilege. How might this affect how you see students? How you teach? 

Q3. Identify and describe an example of a negative narrative that is being told about students at your school. In what way are students being blamed for it? In what way are the staff contributing to the “problem” or acting as gatekeepers? (Question 2 will make more sense after the workshop.)

Q4. What action will you take to help change the culture of the school? For example, what will you change about the way you teach, interact with students or staff, talk about students, and so on?

Q5. Compare the two maps of Australia (here and here). They tell stories from two different perspectives. The first map represents the dominant narrative told of Australia and is more widely known. The second map tells a story that is often missing from the dominant narrative. Can you identify the dominant narrative told in your subject curriculum or textbooks? What are the stories that are missing from the curriculum or textbooks you use?

For more resources on decolonising the curriculum, see here.

TCKs of ‘Color’ in International Schools – ISCA Collaborative 2021

Theme

  • The politics of belonging
  • Internalised racism

Slides

The slides from the workshop are available in PDF format.

Resources

TCKs of Asia – forums & podcast


Third Culture Kids & Parachute Kids: Building Their Resilience

Families in Global Transition (FIGT) Research Network and Counseling and Coaching affiliate discussed with Dr. Tim Stuart and Dr. Jang Eun Cho what helps Third Culture Kids (TCKs) and parachute kids build resilience so that they can thrive, even in the face of adversity. Co-hosted by Dr. Danau Tanu & Sundae Bean.


Osmosis: When Children Internalize Racism Through School. (Originally published on October 14, 2020.)


More resources

See a list of other relevant resources here. The list includes the most of the resources mentioned during the presentation as well as additional ones. (It does not include the video by Saeko Mizuta & Aiko Minematsu.)